《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》

以花岗岩残积土为代表性土样,在大雨、暴雨、大暴雨、特大暴雨4种不同降雨等级条件下对4种不同坡度的边坡模型进行了强降雨模拟试验,研究降雨强度和边坡坡度对其破坏模式的影响特性.结果表明边坡破坏模式主要有深层整体破坏、深层局部破坏、浅层整体破坏和浅层局部破坏4大类:前3类破坏发生在降雨强度较大的模拟试验中; 而浅层局部破坏数量占总数的一半,并涵盖到所有工况,是本次试验边坡失稳破坏主要模式.此外,随边坡坡度的增大,破坏模式由滑落破坏逐步转化散落崩塌破坏,边坡滑塌所需的降雨时长逐渐减少.研究结论对揭示降雨引发残积土滑坡特性具有一定的理论和现实意义.

Taking the residual soil of granite as the representative sample and under four different rainfall levels,i.e.heavy rain,rainstorm,downpour,torrential rain among others,four slope models with different slopes are simulated by heavy rainfall to study the influence of rainfall intensity and slope gradient on the failure-mode characteristic.Results show that the failure mode of slope mainly includes four categories,namely deep overall failure,deep partial failure,shallow overall failure,and shallow partial failure.These first three types of failure occur in the simulation test with high rainfall intensity,while the number of shallow partial failare accounts for half of the total amount and covers situations of each slope and rainfall intensity,constituting the main mode of slope failure in this test.Moreover,as the slope gradient increases,the failure mode is gradually transformed from sliding landslide to scattered collapse,and the rainfall time required for slope collapse gradually decreases.The conclusion theoretically and practically reveals characteristics of residual soil landslides caused by rainfall.

引言
1 降雨滑坡模拟试验
2 降雨强度对边坡破坏模式影响分析
3 边坡坡度对边坡破坏模式影响分析
4 结论

表1 不同条件下16种降雨滑坡模拟试验方案<br/>Tab.1 16 simulated test schemes of rainfall landslides under different conditions

表1 不同条件下16种降雨滑坡模拟试验方案
Tab.1 16 simulated test schemes of rainfall landslides under different conditions

图1 工程与模拟边坡图与边坡模型侧面的观测框<br/>Fig.1 Simulated slope diagram and the observation frame on the side of the slope model

图1 工程与模拟边坡图与边坡模型侧面的观测框
Fig.1 Simulated slope diagram and the observation frame on the side of the slope model

表2 模拟试验过程的动态监测方案<br/>Tab.2 Dynamic monitoring schemes of the simulation test

表2 模拟试验过程的动态监测方案
Tab.2 Dynamic monitoring schemes of the simulation test

表3 边坡模型滑塌破坏模式分类统计表<br/>Tab.3 Classification statistics of sliding damage mode of slope model

表3 边坡模型滑塌破坏模式分类统计表
Tab.3 Classification statistics of sliding damage mode of slope model

图2 深层整体破坏和浅层整体破坏情况<br/>Fig.2 Deep overall failure and shallow overall failure

图2 深层整体破坏和浅层整体破坏情况
Fig.2 Deep overall failure and shallow overall failure

图3 4种不同坡度条件下降雨强度与边坡变形破坏所需降雨时长的关系<br/>Fig.3 The relationship of the slope gradient and the time of the slope sliding damage under four kinds of different gradient conditions

图3 4种不同坡度条件下降雨强度与边坡变形破坏所需降雨时长的关系
Fig.3 The relationship of the slope gradient and the time of the slope sliding damage under four kinds of different gradient conditions

表4 边坡坡度对坡体破坏模式的影响分类<br/>Tab.4 Classification statistics of the effect of slope model gradient on slope sliding damage mode

表4 边坡坡度对坡体破坏模式的影响分类
Tab.4 Classification statistics of the effect of slope model gradient on slope sliding damage mode

图4 边坡局部滑落破坏和整体散落滑坡破坏<br/>Fig.4 Local sliding failure and overall scattered landslide failure of slope

图4 边坡局部滑落破坏和整体散落滑坡破坏
Fig.4 Local sliding failure and overall scattered landslide failure of slope

图5 4种不同降雨强度条件下边坡坡度与边坡滑塌破坏所需降雨时长的关系<br/>Fig.5 The relationship of the slope gradient and the time of the slope sliding damage under four kinds of different rainfall intensity conditions

图5 4种不同降雨强度条件下边坡坡度与边坡滑塌破坏所需降雨时长的关系
Fig.5 The relationship of the slope gradient and the time of the slope sliding damage under four kinds of different rainfall intensity conditions

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备注

引言

1 降雨滑坡模拟试验

2 降雨强度对边坡破坏模式影响分析

3 边坡坡度对边坡破坏模式影响分析

4 结论

学报简介

备注

引言

1 降雨滑坡模拟试验

2 降雨强度对边坡破坏模式影响分析

3 边坡坡度对边坡破坏模式影响分析

4 结 论

学报简介

4 结论