二次电池储能机理的电化学谱学研究进展
罗明增1,周 柯1,吴 珏1,刘湘思1,向宇轩1,梁子腾1,左文华1,龚正良2,钟贵明3,杨 勇1,2*

(1.厦门大学化学化工学院,固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室,福建 厦门 361005; 2.厦门大学能源学院,福建 厦门 361102; 3.中国科学院海西研究院厦门稀土材料研究所,福建 厦门 361021)

二次电池; X射线衍射; X射线吸收谱; 固体核磁共振; 电化学原位技术

Research progress of electrochemical spectroscopy on energy storage mechanism of rechargeable batteries
LUO Mingzeng1,ZHOU Ke1,WU Jue1,LIU Xiangsi1,XIANG Yuxuan1,LIANG Ziteng1,ZUO Wenhua1,GONG Zhengliang2,ZHONG Guiming3,YANG Yong1,2*

(1.State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China; 2.School of Energy,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China; 3.Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials,Haixi Institutes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,China)

rechargeable batteries; X-ray diffraction; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance; electrochemical in-situ techniquesdoi:10.6043/j.issn.0438-0479.202006026

DOI: 10.6043/j.issn.0438-0479.202006021

备注

随着人类社会向电动化、信息化和智能化快速迈进,对可充式二次电池的需求急剧增加.二次电池的性能在很大程度上取决于其电池材料的组成、结构与性质,以及它们在充放电循环过程中的晶相、电子结构与局域结构演化、界面形成与重构行为.深入了解电池电极材料和电极/电解质界面的特性,尤其是它们在循环过程中的动态演化行为,对于优化当前二次电池体系及开发新材料和新体系以提升其性能至关重要.近年来,随着各种谱学技术,尤其是电化学原位谱学技术的快速发展,在二次电池电化学反应机理和构效关系研究中取得了重要的研究进展,为二次电池科学和技术的发展提供了强大支撑.本文结合本课题组的研究工作,综述了几种先进的谱学技术,特别是电化学原位X射线衍射及吸收谱、固体核磁共振谱学及其成像技术在二次电池研究中的应用.

The overwhelming evolution of human society towards electrification,informatization and intelligence put forward sharp requirements for the performance of rechargeable batteries.The cycle performance of batteries,including energy/power density,cycle life,safety and cost,etc.,are largely determined by the inherent physical/chemical properties of electrode materials and especially their evolution of crystalline phase,electronic structure,local structure,interface during electrochemical cycling.Insights for the properties and evolution processes of electrode materials and electrolyte/electrode interface are critical for optimizing the current battery-systems and exploring novel electrode materials and battery-systems.In recent years,the rapid developments of spectroscopy-based characterization techniques,especially the electrochemical in-situ spectroscopy techniques,have made remarkable progress in disclosing the electrochemical reaction mechanisms and understanding the structure-performance correlations of electrode materials.These techniques also have provided reliable experimental support for the development of rechargeable batteries technology.Based on our recent research,we review the application of several advanced spectroscopy techniques in the study of rechargeable batteries,including the electrochemical in-situ X-ray diffraction/absorption spectroscopy,solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as well as imaging techniques.