3种养殖方式下沐浴角骨海绵生长的差异分析
沈铭辉1,2*,欧徽龙3,司 和1,王国福1,2,王德祥3,陈 军3*

(1.海南省海洋与渔业科学院,海南 海口 570206; 2.海南省热带海洋养殖技术重点实验室,海南 海口 570206; 3.厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建 厦门 361102)

沐浴角骨海绵; 养殖方式; 瓷砖法; 穿绳法; 弹簧法

Difference analysis of Spongia officinalis growth under three culture methods
SHEN Minghui1,2*,OU Huilong3,SI He1,WANG Guofu1,2,WANG Dexiang3,CHEN Jun3*

(1.Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences,Haikou 570206,China; 2.Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Aquaculture Technology,Hainan Province,Haikou 570206,China; 3.College of Ocean & Earth Sciences,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)

Spongia officinalis; culture methods; tile method; rope method; spring method

DOI: 10.6043/j.issn.0438-0479.201906016

备注

沐浴角骨海绵(Spongia officinalis)主要分布于海南沿海,在海洋生物材料开发领域具有较好前景.为培育该地域特色的海绵品种,在海南省儋州水牛坡村潮间带海域(109.40° E, 19.87° N)开展了为期18个月的沐浴角骨海绵人工养殖,通过组织块的长、宽、高变化表征海绵的增长,分析了3种养殖方式下该海绵的存活和生长状况差异.结果显示瓷砖法、穿绳法和弹簧法养殖的沐浴角骨海绵均有较高的存活率,分别为80%,60%和50%,其中以瓷砖法最佳.瓷砖法养殖的海绵组织块的平均长度增长率为50.1%,显著高于穿绳法和弹簧法(p<0.05); 平均宽度增长率为63.5%,与穿绳法相当而显著高于弹簧法(p<0.05); 平均高度增长率为76.2%,接近弹簧法而显著高于穿绳法(p<0.05).可见瓷砖法相对于其他两种方式在存活率和增长率有较大优势.此外,生长指标与海水温度的相关性分析结果表明,沐浴角骨海绵组织块的增长与海水温度之间的相关性不显著,增长速度未呈现季节性变化.综上,在自然条件下获得的沐浴角骨海绵第一手养殖资料有助于当地特色的基础海绵生物学研究与资源开发.

Spongia officinalis is mainly distributed along the coast of Hainan Island,exhibiting its great potential in the field of marine biomaterials development.In order to cultivate this regional sponge species,an 18-month artificial culture experiment of S.officinalis was carried out in an intertidal zone of Shuiniupo village(109.40° E,19.87° N)in Danzhou,Hainan Province.The growth status of the sponge under three culture methods was compared in terms of growth differences in tissue length,width and height.The results showed that the survival rate of sponge explant was higher in the tile method(80%)than in the rope and spring methods(60% and 50% respectively).The average length growth rate of sponge explants was 50.1% under the tile method,significantly higher than that of the rope and spring methods(p<0.05).The average width growth rate under the tile method was 63.5%,approximal to that of the rope method while significantly higher than that of the spring method(p<0.05).The average height growth rate under the tile method was 76.2%,approximal to that of the spring method while significantly higher than that of the rope method(p<0.05).Thus,experimental data showed that the tile method was more appropriate for culturing this sponge than the other two methods in terms of survival rates and growth rates.Furthermore,we observed that there was no significant correlation between the growth rate and water temperature,i.e.,the growth rates did not significantly change seasonally.The first-hand aquaculture data obtained in this study under complex hydrological conditions may help to stimulate both the regional sponge biological studies and marine resource development.