氧化石墨烯改性高温环氧树脂基碳纤维复合材料的热性能与力学性能
代少伟1,李伟东2,邱 虹1,张 莹1,周 川1,刘文军1,胡晓兰1*,白 华1,周玉敬3

(1.厦门大学材料学院,福建省防火阻燃材料重点实验室,福建 厦门 361005; 2.中航复合材料有限责任公司,航空工业复合材料技术中心,先进复合材料重点实验室,北京 101300; 3.北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司,先进成型技术与装备国家重点实验室,北京 100083)

氧化石墨烯; 碳纤维; 树脂基复合材料; 热性能; 力学性能; 微观形貌

Thermal and mechanical properties of graphene oxide modified high temperature epoxy resin based carbon fiber composites
DAI Shaowei1,LI Weidong2,QIU Hong1,ZHANG Ying1,ZHOU Chuan1,LIU Wenjun1,HU Xiaolan1*,BAI Hua1,ZHOU Yujing3

(1.Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire Retardant Materials,College of Materials,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China; 2.National Key Laboratory of Advanced Composites,AVIC Composite Technology Center, AVIC Composite Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101300,China; 3.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Forming Technology and Equipment,BeijingJike Guochuang Lightweight Science Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

graphene oxide; carbon fiber; epoxy matrix composites; thermal properties; mechanical properties; micromorphology

DOI: 10.6043/j.issn.0438-0479.201806009

备注

采用湿法预浸技术和模压工艺制备了氧化石墨烯(GO)改性碳纤维/环氧树脂(CF/E54-DDS)复合材料,利用差示扫描量热(DSC)分析、动态热机械分析(DMTA)、超声波C扫描等研究了GO对复合材料的热固化性能、凝胶工艺性能、动态热机械性能以及抗冲击损伤性能的影响.结果表明:GO结构中的羟基和羧基会促进改性树脂体系的固化反应,加快GO/E54-DDS的固化反应进程.在GO添加量(质量分数)小于0.5%时,GO的活性基团可增加改性树脂体系的交联密度,从而提高复合材料的玻璃化转变温度; 但GO添加量大于0.8%时,会因DDS在固化网络结构中比例的大幅下降,反而降低复合材料的玻璃化转变温度.微观形貌分析显示GO/CF/E54-DDS预浸料比CF/E54-DDS预浸料表现出更好的浸润效果.CF/E54-DDS复合材料被破坏后CF表面光洁,破坏主要发生在CF与树脂基体的界面; 而GO/CF/E54-DDS复合材料被破坏后,CF表面紧密黏附着GO/E54-DDS固化物,破坏主要发生在CF织物层间的GO/E54-DDS区域.冲击后压缩强度测试表明GO的存在提高了GO/CF/E54-DDS复合材料抵抗横向裂纹和纵向裂纹扩展的能力,减小了复合材料的损伤投影面积和裂纹凹坑深度,提高了冲击后压缩强度.

Graphene oxide(GO)modified carbon fiber/epoxy(CF/E54-DDS)composites were prepared by wet prepreg technology and molding process.And the effects of GO on the thermal curing property,gelation process,dynamic thermal mechanical property and anti-impact damage property of the composites were tested with differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)analysis,dynamic mechanical thermal analysis(DMTA),ultrasonic C scanning and so on.Results showed that hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups of GO could promote the curing reaction of the modified resin system,and accelerate the process of curing reaction of GO/E54-DDS.When the additive amount(by mass)of GO was less than 0.5%,the active group of GO could increase the crosslinking density of the modified system and improve the glass transition temperature(Tg)of the composites.However,when the additive amount of GO was greater than 0.8%,it would decrease the proportion of DDS in the structure of the solidified network,while the Tg of the composites decreased.Micromorphological analysis showed that GO/CF/E54-DDS prepreg had better infiltration effect than CF/E54-DDS,and the failure of the CF/E54-DDS composites mainly occurred along the interfaces between the CF and the resin matrix,and the CF had a smooth surface.In contrast,the failure of the GO/CF/E54-DDS mainly occurred in the interlaminar GO/E54-DDS region benefited by the close adhering of cured GO/E54-DDS onto the CF surfaces,indicating effectively improved interfacial property of the GO/CF/E54-DDS hybrid composites.Compression strength after impact(CAI)test indicated that GO enhanced the ability of GO/CF/E54-DDS composites to resist transverse crack and longitudinal crack growth,so that damage projection area and crack pit depth decreased,and the CAI improved.