海洋生物固氮及其对全球变化的响应
史大林*,胡晓华,温作柱,洪海征

(厦门大学环境与生态学院,近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室,福建 厦门 361102)

海洋生物固氮; 全球变化; 海洋酸化; 海洋暖化

Marine biological nitrogen fixation and its response to global change
SHI Dalin*,HU Xiaohua,WEN Zuozhu,HONG Haizheng

(State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science,College of the Environmental & Ecology,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)

DOI: 10.6043/j.issn.0438-0479.202010015

备注

生物固氮作用是海洋氮循环的重要环节之一,也是全球海洋重要的“新氮”来源,支撑海洋的初级生产力,实现大气CO2的净埋藏,因而在海洋的全球气候调节功能中扮演至关重要的角色.近年来随着分子生物学、组学以及同位素地球化学等技术的发展,对海洋固氮生物的多样性、海洋生物固氮的时空格局及其影响因子等的认识不断深入,同时也涌现新的问题、催生新的思考.此外,工业革命以来人为活动导致的大气CO2浓度上升引起了海洋酸化和暖化等一系列环境因子改变,揭示全球变化下单因子和多因子耦合对海洋生物固氮的影响及其机理,进而评估其发展趋势和生物地球化学效应,是当前海洋全球变化研究的前沿难题与重大挑战.
Biological nitrogen fixation is one of the key processes in the marine nitrogen cycle.It is also an important source of "new nitrogen" in the global ocean,supporting primary productivity for net sequestration of atmospheric CO2 and thereby playing an important part in the ocean's role in regulating the climate of the planet.In recent years,with the development of molecular biology,omics and isotope geochemistry techniques,our understanding of the diversity of marine diazotrophs,the spatial and temporal patterns of marine biological nitrogen fixation and its regulating factors have continued to deepen,and meanwhile new questions and new challenges have emerged.In addition,since the Industrial Revolution,the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration as a result of anthropogenic activities has caused a variety of environmental factor changes such as ocean acidification and warming.Revealing the impact of the single- and multi-factors on marine biological nitrogen fixation and its underlying mechanisms,and further assessing its development trend and biogeochemical effects,are the frontiers and major challenges of ocean global change research.