微型生物碳泵研究进展
蔡阮鸿,郑 强,陈晓炜,徐大鹏,王 煜,骆庭伟,张 锐*

(厦门大学海洋与地球学院,近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室,福建省海洋碳汇重点实验室,海洋微型生物与地球圈层研究所,福建 厦门 361102)

微型生物碳泵; 气候变化; 海洋微型生物; 浮游植物; 异养细菌; 古菌; 病毒; 原生生物

Research progress on microbial carbon pump
CAI Ruanhong,ZHENG Qiang,CHEN Xiaowei,XU Dapeng,WANG Yu,LUO Tingwei,ZHANG Rui*

(Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres,Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science,College of Ocean and Earth Sciences,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)

DOI: 10.6043/j.issn.0438-0479.202012019

备注

人类活动导致大气二氧化碳(CO2)浓度持续升高,加剧了气候变化,引发全球关注.海洋是地球表面最大的活跃碳库,工业革命以来吸收了近1/3人类活动排放的CO2,调控着全球气候变化.海洋吸收和储藏CO2的机制包含物理、化学和生物过程,其中“微型生物碳泵(MCP)”是一种新认识的生物机制,阐述了由微型生物(异养细菌、古菌、病毒和原生生物等)参与的将活性有机质转化为惰性溶解有机质(RDOM)的生态过程,在海洋循环和储藏中发挥重要作用.本文回顾自MCP理论提出以来的重要研究进展,包括:MCP介导的RDOM解析方法及其分子特征,海洋微型生物与DOM的相互作用机制,病毒及原生生物介导的碳循环对海洋有机质的影响等,并展望MCP未来研究方向.
The rapid increase of carbon dioxide(CO2)in the atmosphere caused by human activities exacerbates climate changes,which causes global concerns.The ocean is the most tremendous carbon pool on the Earth,which has absorbed nearly one third of the anthropogenic CO2 via various mechanisms since the Industrial Revolution,thus it plays a key role in buffering the global climate change.Among those carbon obsorbtion and sequestration mechanisms including physical,chemical and biological processes,a newly proposed frame work,microbial carbon pump(MCP),describes the transformation of dissolved organic matter(DOM)from labile to refractory state(RDOM)through microbial activities(including heterotrophic bacteria,archaea,virus,protists,etc.),and plays a key role in the ocean carbon cycle and sequestration.In this paper,we reviewed the research progress on MCP,including analyzing methods and molecular characteristics of the MCP mediated RDOM,the interaction mechanism between marine microbes and DOM,and the effects of virus- and prototist-mediated carbon cycles on ocean organic matter.Future research directions of MCP are also suggested.