解磷微生物在重金属污染原位修复中的作用及其机理研究进展

(1.滨海湿地生态系统教育部重点实验室(厦门大学),福建 厦门 361102; 2.厦门市园林植物园,福建 厦门 361003)

解磷微生物; 重金属污染; 原位修复; 化学钝化; 植物修复

Progress on Roles and Mechanisms of Phosphate-solubilizing Microorganisms in Remediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils
LIN Yushan1,FAN Jin1,CAI Bangping2,YAN Chongling1*

(1. Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China; 2. Xiamen Botanical Garden,Xiamen 361003,China)

phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms(PSMs); contaminated soils; heavy metals; chemical immobilization; phytoremediation

DOI: 10.6043/j.issn.0438-0479.201603037

备注

重金属污染是我国目前面临的最严峻的环境问题之一,如何科学治理已成为科学研究的热点和难点.解磷微生物(phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms,PSMs)作为一类备受关注的农业有益菌,在长期重金属逆境环境中,不仅进化出一系列的耐性和抗性机制,而且作为可溶性磷酸盐的潜在供应体,产生的磷酸根离子在化学钝化修复或植物修复重金属污染土壤中都发挥着举足轻重的作用.除此之外,该类功能菌所产生的植物生长素、1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸脱氨酶、铁载体、低分子量有机酸、生物表面活性剂等,可进一步强化植物修复重金属污染能力.主要综述了近年来解磷微生物联合化学钝化修复和强化植物修复技术两方面研究,以期更好地服务于原位修复重金属污染土壤.

Heavy metal pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems in our country.How to treat it scientifically has become a challenge and hotspot.Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms(PSMs),a group of beneficial microorganisms in agriculture,have developed a series of tolerance and resistance mechanisms in the long-term metal-contaminated soils.And as the potential donor of soluble phosphate,the phosphate ions produced by them play an important role in chemical immobilization and phytoremediation of metalliferous soils.In addition,the plant hormone,1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase,siderophores,low-molecular-weight organic acids,etc. produced by metal-resistant PSMs,will further enhance the effectiveness of phytoremediation by increasing the plant growth and changing the metal toxicity.Here,in order to provide a better service for in situ treatment of heavy metal contaminated soils,this review highlights the importance of PSMs and demonstrates their potential role in chemical immobilization and phytoremediation of heavy metals.

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